Ibhokisi lokuhlanganisa elihlakaniphile elinogesi kanye nokuvumelanisa kwamanje kuma-EV

Ibhokisi lokuhlanganisa elihlakaniphile elinogesi kanye nokuvumelanisa kwamanje kuma-EV

Njengoba izimoto ezisebenza ngogesi (EVs) ziya zithandwa kakhulu, inselele yabakhiqizi bezimoto iwukuba basuse “ukukhathazeka okuhlukahlukene” kwabashayeli kuyilapho benza imoto ifinyeleleke kalula.Lokhu kuhumushela ekwenzeni amaphakethe ebhethri abe nezindleko eziphansi ngokuminyana kwamandla aphezulu.Njalo ngehora le-watt elilodwa eligcinwe futhi libuyiswe kumaseli libalulekile ukuze kunwetshwe ibanga lokushayela.

Ukuba nezilinganiso ezinembile zamandla kagesi, izinga lokushisa kanye nezamanje kubalulekile ekuzuzeni isilinganiso esiphezulu sesimo sokushaja noma isimo sempilo sawo wonke amaseli ohlelweni.

Umsebenzi oyinhloko wesistimu yokuphatha ibhethri (BMS) ukuqapha ama-voltage amaselula, ama-voltage okupakisha kanye nokupakisha kwamandla.Umfanekiso 1a ubonisa iphakethe lebhethri ebhokisini eliluhlaza elinamaseli amaningi astakiwe.Iyunithi yomphathi weseli ihlanganisa iziqapha zeseli ezihlola amandla kagesi kanye nezinga lokushisa lamaseli.
Izinzuzo ze-BJB ehlakaniphile:

Iqeda izintambo namahhanisi amakhebula.
Ithuthukisa izilinganiso ze-voltage nezamanje ngomsindo ophansi.
Yenza lula ihadiwe nokuthuthukiswa kwesoftware.Ngenxa yokuthi i-Texas Instruments (TI) yokuqapha iphakethe kanye neziqapha zamaselula zivela emndenini ofanayo wamadivayisi, amamephu wabo wezakhiwo kanye nerejista kufana kakhulu.
Inika amandla abakhiqizi besistimu ukuthi bavumelanise i-voltage yephakethe nezilinganiso zamanje.Ukubambezeleka okuncane kokuvumelanisa kuthuthukisa izilinganiso zesimo senkokhiso.
I-voltage, izinga lokushisa kanye nesilinganiso samanje
I-Voltage: I-voltage ikalwa kusetshenziswa izintambo zokuphikisa ezihlukene phansi.Lezi zilinganiso zihlola ukuthi amaswishi kagesi avuliwe noma avaliwe.
Izinga lokushisa: Izilinganiso zokushisa ziqapha izinga lokushisa le-shunt resistor ukuze i-MCU ikwazi ukusebenzisa isinxephezelo, kanye nezinga lokushisa labathintana nabo ukuze baqiniseke ukuthi abacindezelwe.
Okwamanje: Izilinganiso zamanje zisekelwe kulokhu:
I-shunt resistor.Ngenxa yokuthi ama-currents ku-EV angakhuphukela ezinkulungwaneni zama-ampere, lawa ma-shunt resistor mancane kakhulu – kububanzi obungu-25 µOhms kuya ku-50 µOhms.
Inzwa yomphumela wehholo.Ububanzi bayo obuguquguqukayo buvamise ukukhawulelwa, ngakho-ke, ngezinye izikhathi kuba nezinzwa eziningi kusistimu ukukala lonke ububanzi.Izinzwa ze-Hall-effect zisengozini ngokwemvelo yokuphazanyiswa yi-electromagnetic.Ungabeka lezi zinzwa noma yikuphi ohlelweni, nokho, futhi ngokwemvelo zihlinzeka ngesilinganiso esisodwa.
I-Voltage nokuvumelanisa kwamanje

I-voltage nokuvumelanisa kwamanje ukubambezeleka kwesikhathi okukhona ukuze kusampula amandla kagesi kanye namanje phakathi kwemonitha yephakethe neqapha leseli.Lezi zilinganiso zisetshenziselwa kakhulu ukubala isimo senkokhelo kanye nesimo sempilo ngokusebenzisa i-electro-impedance spectroscopy.Ukubala i-impedance yeseli ngokulinganisa i-voltage, amandla amanje namandla kuseli lonke kwenza i-BMS ikwazi ukuqapha amandla asheshayo emoto.

I-voltage yeseli, i-pack voltage kanye nephakethe lamanje kufanele kuhambisane nesikhathi ukuze kunikezwe amandla anembe kakhulu nezilinganiso zokuthikamezeka.Ukuthatha amasampula ngesikhathi esithile kubizwa ngokuthi isikhawu sokuvumelanisa.Lapho sisincane isikhawu sokuvumelanisa, yilapho sinembe kakhulu isilinganiso samandla noma isilinganiso se-impedance.Iphutha ledatha engavumelanisiwe liyalingana.Uma kunembe kakhulu isilinganiso sezindleko zezindleko, abashayeli bamakhilomitha amaningi bayakhula.

Izidingo zokuvumelanisa

Ama-BMS esizukulwane esilandelayo azodinga i-voltage evumelanisiwe nezilinganiso zamanje ngaphansi kuka-1 ms, kodwa kunezinselele ekuhlangabezaneni nale mfuneko:

Wonke ama-monitor amaseli kanye nama-pack monitor anemithombo yewashi ehlukene;ngakho-ke, amasampula atholiwe awavunyelanisiwe ngokwemvelo.
Iqapha ngalinye leseli lingakala kusuka kumaseli ayisithupha kuya kwayi-18;idatha yeseli ngalinye ingamabhithi angu-16 ubude.Kunedatha eminingi edinga ukudluliselwa phezu kwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-daisy-chain, esingadla isabelomali sesikhathi esivunyelwe ukuvumelanisa kwamandla kagesi kanye nokuvumelanisa kwamanje.
Noma isiphi isihlungi njengesihlungi se-voltage noma isihlungi samanje sithonya indlela yesignali, okunomthelela ekubambisweni kwe-voltage kanye nokubambezeleka kwamanje kokuvumelanisa.
Iziqapha zebhethri ze-TI's BQ79616-Q1, BQ79614-Q1 kanye ne-BQ79612-Q1 zingagcina ubudlelwano besikhathi ngokukhipha umyalo wokuqala we-ADC kumonitha yeseli kanye nemonitha yephakethe.Lezi ziqaphi zebhethri ze-TI ziphinde zisekele ukulibaziseka kwesampula ye-ADC ukuze kunxeshezelwe ukubambezeleka kokusabalalisa lapho kuthunyelwa umyalo wokuqala we-ADC phansi kwesixhumi esibonakalayo se-daisy-chain.

Isiphetho

Imizamo emikhulu yokufakwa kukagesi okwenzeka embonini yezimoto iqhuba isidingo sokunciphisa inkimbinkimbi yama-BMS ngokufaka izinto zikagesi ebhokisini lokuhlangana, kuyilapho kuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwesistimu.Imonitha yephekhi ingakala endaweni yangakini ama-voltage ngaphambi nangemuva kokudluliswa, okwamanje ngephakethe lebhethri.Ukuthuthukiswa kokunemba ku-voltage nezilinganiso zamanje kuzoholela ngokuqondile ekusetshenzisweni okuphelele kwebhethri.

Amandla kagesi asebenzayo kanye nokuvumelanisa kwamanje kwenza ukubala okunembayo kwesimo sempilo, ukushaja kanye ne-electric impedance spectroscopy okuzoholela ekusetshenzisweni okuphelele kwebhethri ukuze kunwetshwe ukuphila kwayo, kanye nokwanda kwebanga lokushayela.